世界模型科学：长程 LLM 智能体中的自组织临界性、弱混沌与亚稳态信念动力学

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Abstract:Long-horizon LLM agents must maintain and update a world model over extended sequences of observations, actions, decisions and tool calls. We study the dynamics of long horizon agents from three perspectives: self-organized criticality, weak chaos, and metastable belief dynamics. Through extensive experiments on controlled puzzles, tool-use tasks, embodied environments, multi-hop retrieval, general-assistant reasoning, and Game of Life, we study how world-model errors develop over long interactions. We find that externally increased task pressure can sharply raise the probability of collapse, while naturally occurring pressure is only a modest predictor of later failure. Errors are temporally correlated rather than independent, and their propagation changes with dependency depth while remaining bounded in finite tasks. We also find that locally valid actions can continue after the agent's overall task state has become incorrect, that error structure depends on task topology and horizon, and that belief states in embodied tasks are shallow rather than strongly trapped in incorrect states. Larger horizons allow larger error cascades, but their scale remains constrained by the task and the model's capability. Overall, we observe power-law behavior, bounded divergence consistent with weak chaos, and metastable belief dynamics across long-horizon agent interactions. We call this perspective world model science: the empirical study of self organized criticality in long-horizon agent world models.

Submission history

From: Zekun Cai [view email]
[v1] Sun, 12 Jul 2026 04:04:26 UTC (7,574 KB)
[v2] Thu, 29 Oct 2026 14:02:04 UTC (3,030 KB)