用表格基础模型重新审视数据驱动的电力系统动态安全评估

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Abstract:Data-driven pre-fault dynamic security assessment (DSA) rapidly evaluates the dynamic risk of credible contingencies on a power system using machine learning (ML). Existing approaches face two limitations. First, they require a large labelled database for training, with a separate model trained, tuned, and maintained for each contingency in a potentially long list of credible contingencies. Second, the trained models generalize poorly to unseen contingencies. This work addresses these limitations by using a tabular foundation model (TFM) that assesses stability through in-context learning, and requires no retraining or hyperparameter optimization. We use a single TFM to assess many contingencies at once, removing the need to train one classifier per contingency. We also characterize when using electrical distance coordinates (EDC) as continuous features enables the TFM to generalize to unseen contingencies and when it does not, showing how a few labelled samples can reliably improve generalization. Through comprehensive case studies on the IEEE 68-bus system, we show that a single TFM attains an average Macro F1 score of about 90\% with only 120 labelled samples per contingency, outperforming both classical ML and deep learning baselines, without any model retraining or hyperparameter tuning. For held-out contingencies, we show that using just 10 labelled samples of the new contingency with a modified EDC encoding matches the balanced accuracy of the best achievable transfer learning oracle model, which requires fully labelled data and is not deployable in practice. Overall, this initial study paves the way for developing and deploying foundation models for power system operations, with possible applications across multiple operational tasks.

Submission history

From: Olayiwola Arowolo Mr [view email]
[v1] Fri, 17 Jul 2026 15:06:11 UTC (1,838 KB)
[v2] Wed, 4 Nov 2026 11:58:45 UTC (1,861 KB)