学生使用 AI 代码助手写单元测试：重结果轻学习的研究证据
Outcome Over Learning? Evidence from Student Use of AI Code Assistants for Unit Test Writing
AI 导读
一项用户研究发现，多数学生在无限制使用 AI 代码助手编写单元测试时，采取一次性提示策略，让 AI 直接根据初始需求生成完整测试。这种做法虽能快速完成任务，却让学生很少批判性评估或迭代 AI 输出，削弱了学习写测试和批判性思维的机会。作者提出通过训练、问责机制和改进学习任务设计，引导学生以学习为中心负责任地使用 AI。
正文 · 原文
Abstract:Artificial intelligence (AI) code assistants are rapidly being adopted in programming education, yet little is known about how students naturally use these tools when given unrestricted access. In a user study investigating AI-assisted unit test writing, we observed that a majority of students adopted a one-shot interaction strategy, asking the AI to generate a complete unit test directly from the initial requirements. While this approach is capable of efficiently producing a solution, it shifts students' focus from learning how to write effective unit tests to simply completing the task. Moreover, because students rarely engaged in critically evaluating, refining, or iterating on AI-generated output, they may be missing opportunities to develop the critical thinking skills that are essential for effective and responsible use of AI. In an effort to shift student focus from outcome to learning we also discuss how training, accountability and improved learning task design can better support a more learning-centric responsible use of AI.
| Comments: | 8 pages |
| Subjects: | Software Engineering (cs.SE); Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI) |
| Cite as: | arXiv:2611.14664 [cs.SE] |
| (or arXiv:2611.14664v1 [cs.SE] for this version) | |
| https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2611.14664 arXiv-issued DOI via DataCite (pending registration) |
Submission history
From: Jeremy Bradbury [view email]
[v1]
Tue, 10 Nov 2026 19:19:15 UTC (361 KB)
来源：arXiv cs.AI · arxiv.org